Key Highlights
- The Siege of Boston was a critical early campaign for George Washington as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.
- Washington’s successful campaign led to the British evacuation of Boston in March 1776, significantly boosting revolutionary morale.
- The siege marked the beginning of Washington’s military and political career, setting the stage for his presidency.
- Myths surrounding George Washington persist, including the wooden teeth myth, which was debunked long ago.
Ancient Myths and Modern Heroes: George Washington’s Early Triumphs
More than a decade before he became America’s first president, George Washington led the Siege of Boston. This campaign, launched in April 1775, was both a military test for Washington and the dawn of his political career.
The Siege: A Turning Point in History
On this day 250 years ago, Washington’s forces had nearly achieved their goal of forcing the British out of Boston. The siege lasted almost a year, with up to 11,000 British troops and hundreds more loyalists bottled up within the city. A critical decision by Washington was sending Henry Knox from Fort Ticonderoga to retrieve cannons in New York.
These were transported over hundreds of miles through the winter and eventually used against the British positions.
The cannons’ arrival changed the dynamics, leading to the British’s decision to abandon Boston on March 17, 1776. This evacuation, known as Evacuation Day, marked a significant victory for the revolutionary forces and a turning point in the American Revolution. Historians argue that it gave new life and momentum to the cause.
Washington’s Rise: From Farmer to Commander-in-Chief
Washington’s journey began with his return from nearly two decades out of military service. His successful campaign ensured he remained commander-in-chief for the remainder of the revolution. He took the first steps toward creating a geographically diverse army, integrating militiamen and eventually including significant Black and Native American representation.
This was the most integrated military until President Harry S. Truman’s desegregation in 1948.
Washington’s connection to slavery was complex. Initially opposed to admitting Black soldiers, he realized they were necessary for keeping British forces from breaking out during the siege. Ridding Boston of loyalists also turned Washington into one of America’s most prominent political figures, embodying the cause before the Declaration of Independence and the war itself.
Myths and Reality: The Wooden Teeth Myth
The Siege of Boston led to plenty of myths about Washington, many persisting until today. One is the cherry tree myth; another is the wooden teeth myth. It was rumored that Washington had wooden dentures, but scholars well into the 20th century debunked this by stating his false teeth were made from ivory, gold, and even human teeth.
George Washington’s legacy extends beyond military command.
He was known as an innovative farmer and an advocate for Western expansion. After returning to Mount Vernon, he built a whiskey distillery that became one of the largest in the country. His connection to slavery was complicated; while he advocated for ending it, his will called for freeing slaves after his wife’s death but could not legally free them all.
Presidents Day: Celebrating Washington’s Legacy
The Siege of Boston and its significance are commemorated on Presidents Day. Originated to celebrate Washington’s birthday, the holiday has evolved into a day filled with deals at the mall and celebrations in various cities across America. From wreath-laying ceremonies at Mount Vernon to parades honoring Washington, these events honor his contributions to American history.
