Key Highlights
- A new report finds that universal credit sanctions are “higher and more severe” than average criminal court fines.
- The average sanction equates to a loss of £525 for single claimants over 25, while the average criminal fine was £283 in 2024.
- Researchers argue that sanctions are “more damaging” and frequently applied as a first response despite being intended as a last resort.
- The government has stated that sanctions should be used sparingly but Public Law Project claims they are often applied to those facing additional barriers, such as digital exclusion or language issues.
Universal Credit Sanctions Exceed Criminal Fines in Severity and Impact
A groundbreaking report by the Public Law Project has revealed that universal credit sanctions imposed on claimants are significantly more severe than the average criminal court fines issued to those convicted of crimes. The research, which analyzed data from May 2025, found that the typical sanction involves a loss of £525 for single claimants over the age of 25, who often face extended periods without income support.
By comparison, the average criminal court fine issued in 2024 was £283. This disparity underscores the financial strain placed on individuals reliant on universal credit when they encounter issues with their benefits application or adherence to certain conditions imposed by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).
Government’s Stance vs. Research Findings
The DWP has stated that sanctions should be used as a last resort, emphasizing the importance of safeguarding vulnerable individuals. However, Caroline Selman, senior researcher at Public Law Project, asserts that the current system is counterproductive and often applied without due consideration for claimants’ unique circumstances.
“Government must be mindful of the experience and realities of individuals who face additional barriers to engaging with the system,” said Selman. “The solution is not simply improving access to appeals or making tweaks to existing safeguards – the current regime has been shown to fail on its own terms and should be revoked or fundamentally reformed.”
Criticism of Sanctions’ Impact
According to Claire Stern, deputy chief executive at Central England Law Centre, 86% of sanctioned cases appealed are overturned. This statistic highlights the flawed nature of the sanctions system, which often penalizes individuals for circumstances beyond their control, such as health emergencies or navigating complex digital systems.
“The government’s claim that sanctions operate as a last resort is wholly at odds with the lived reality of the people we support.” Stern added. “Until this regime is revoked or fundamentally reformed, people will continue to experience avoidable hardship, worsening health, and prolonged exclusion from work.”
Health and Welfare Concerns
Sanctions have led to a range of negative outcomes for claimants, including the need to rely on food banks, incurring debt, and suffering mental and physical health issues. These adverse effects can significantly hinder an individual’s ability to search for and secure work.
A spokesperson from the DWP defended their position by stating that sanctions are part of a broader strategy aimed at encouraging job-seeking behavior and providing tailored support through initiatives like Connect to Work. However, critics argue that such measures are ineffective and counterproductive when applied without due consideration for claimants’ individual circumstances.
Conclusion
A Call for Reform
The report’s findings highlight the urgent need for a comprehensive overhaul of the universal credit sanctions regime. Advocates call for the complete revocation or fundamental reform of the current system, ensuring that sanctions are only ever applied as a genuine last-resort measure after clear warnings have been given.
As the debate continues, it is crucial to address the systemic issues that contribute to the misuse and overuse of these sanctions. By understanding and addressing the barriers faced by vulnerable individuals, policymakers can work towards creating a more equitable and supportive benefits system for all.
